钱塘江北岸晚第四纪沉积与古环境演变   总被引：3，自引：0，他引：3       下载免费PDF全文

顾明光 《中国地质》2009,36(2):378-386

通过钱塘江北岸第四系钻孔岩心的岩石学、年代学以及孢粉带、有孔虫化石组合的综合分析,认为HQB7孔全新世沉积始于孔深35.7 m处(年代约为10.4 ka B.P.),其下至孔深71.1 m属晚更新世沉积,并将该孔31.2 ka B.P.以来的古环境演变划分为5个发展阶段.系统阐述了各阶段的古植被、古气候与古地理特征,指出第2阶段(20.1～10.4ka B.P.)处于低海面时期,气候凉冷干燥,其早期可能对应于末次盛冰期(LGM);第4阶段(7.5～2.5 ka B.P.)为高海面时期,气候温热潮湿,相当于与全球变化相一致的全新世气候适宜期.本区晚第四纪3万年以来的气候变化特点与中国南方的深圳湾地区有很好的可比性.  相似文献   

中国环境考古学的兴起、发展和展望          下载免费PDF全文

夏正楷  张俊娜 《古地理学报》2019,21(1):175-188

环境考古学是一门介于考古学与第四纪环境学(或古地理学)之间的边缘学科。它出现于20世纪之初,经过近1个世纪的摸索和实践,在理论和方法上日趋成熟。中国环境考古学出现较晚,但发展迅速,已经形成以人类生态系统理论为依据,以聚落和遗址古环境分析为主要手段,以探讨古代人类行为及其文化的形成、发展和演变的环境背景为目标的新型交叉学科。目前,它已经逐渐得到了中国考古学家的广泛认同,并成为考古学研究的重要组成部分,在涉及人类起源、MIS3阶段旧石器晚期文化革命、旧—新石器文化过渡以及农业起源、文明起源等一系列关键问题的研究中发挥着重要作用。  相似文献   

High-Resolution Records of the Holocene Paleoenvironmental Variation Reflected by Carbonate and Its Isotopic Compositions in Bosten Lake and Response to Glacial Activities   总被引：1，自引：0，他引：1  

ZHANG Chengjun  ZHENG Mianping  Alexander PROKOPENKO  Steffen MISCHKE  GOU Xiaohui  YANG Qili  ZHANG Wanyi  FENG Zhaodong 《《地质学报》英文版》2009,83(6):1101-1115

Abstract: The Early Holocene paleoclimate in Bosten Lake on the northern margin of the Tarim Basin, southern Xinjiang, is reconstructed through an analysis of a 953 cm long core (BSTC2000) taken from Bosten Lake. Multiple proxies of this core, including the mineral components of carbonate, carbonate content, stable isotopic compositions of carbonate, Ca/Sr, TOC and C/N and C/S of organic matter, are used to reconstruct the climatic change since 8500 a B.P. The chronology model is made by nine AMS 14C ages of leaves, seeds and organic matter contained in two parallel cores. The climate was cold and wet during 8500 to 8100 a B.P. Temperature increased from 8100 to 6400 a B.P., the climate was warm and humid, and the lake expanded. The lake level was highest during this stage. Then from 6400 to 5100 a B.P., the climate became cold and the lake level decreased slightly. During the late mid-Holocene, the climate was hot and dry from 5100 to 3100 a B.P., but there was a short cold period during 4400 to 3800 a B.P. At this temporal interval, a mass of ice and snow melting water supplied the lake at the early time and made the lake level rise. The second highest lake level stage occurred during 5200 to 3800 a B.P. The climate was cool and wet during 3100 to 2200 a B.P., when the lake expanded with decreasing evaporation. The lake had the last short-term high level during 3100 to 2800 a B.P. After this short high lake level period, the lake shrank because of the long-term lower temperature and reduced water supply. From 2200 to 1200 a B.P., the climate was hot and dry, and the lake shrank greatly. Although the temperature decreased somewhat from 1200 a B.P. to the present, the climate was warm and dry. The lake level began to rise a little again, but it did not reach the river bed altitude of the Konqi River, an outflow river of the Bosten Lake.  相似文献   

山西芮城桃花涧剖面中全新世晚期的孢粉分析及环境变化     

倪爱武  田明中  薛新明  王金平 《现代地质》2011,25(2):349-355

通过对山西芮城桃花涧剖面孢粉分析,结合沉积物的粒度特征和沉积物AMS ¹⁴C测年数据,探讨了中全新世晚期该区的古文化年代及古环境变化,为恢复其古环境面貌提供了可靠的定量数据。分析结果表明,该遗址文化层的年代为庙底沟文化时期。根据孢粉组合特征,可将剖面划分为3个孢粉带：5 250~5 000 aBP期间气候温和湿润,呈现出稀树草原的植被面貌;5 000~4 800 aBP期间气候温凉偏干,呈现出荒漠草原的植被景观;4 800 aBP之后气候温凉湿润,呈现出稀树草原的植被面貌;气候变化与邻区同期相吻合。  相似文献   

太湖14000年以来古环境演变的湖泊记录   总被引：5，自引：0，他引：5  

瞿文川  薛滨  吴艳宏  王苏民  吴瑞金  张平中  陈践发 《地质力学学报》1997,3(4):52-61

本文根据东西太湖短柱岩芯的沉积物的物理、化学、生物指标的综合分析,讨论了该区距今14ka来的古气候变化过程,结果表明14.3-13.3kaBP,太湖水位低,环境指标甚至表现为暴露特征,反映了气候干旱:13.3-12.4kaBP,为偏暖湿的过渡阶段;该孔柱270-280cm (11.5kaBP左右)各类指标均明显反映冷干特征,可能是YoungerDrays事件的记录,与我国东部其它地区有可比性;约10.9-10kaBP,这一时期是整个研究时段内一个较显著的温暖期。表现为还原沉积环境和水位相对较深;约10-7.2kaBP为冷暖交替的过渡带;7.2-5.737kaBP为暖湿气候;5.05kaBP多项分析指标发生突变,反映物源发生显著变化,可能存在沉积间断;表层沉积物则呈现现代环境的特征,西太湖藻类生长茂盛,偏氧化的沉积环境。目前湖泊生产力较高,富营养化程度高,表现为藻型湖泊特征;东太湖有机质来源以东太湖中生长较为茂盛的维管水生植物为主,目前湖泊生产力较低,富营养化程度低,表现为典型的草型湖泊特征。   相似文献   

晚更新世以来台湾浅滩西北近岸沉积特征与古环境演化     

赵东波  孙荣涛  蒋恒毅  李董 《海洋地质与第四纪地质》2021,41(2):53-63

对取自台湾浅滩西北部福建东山岛外的浅钻ZK2孔进行了包括AMS14C测年、粒度、微体古生物、碎屑矿物和黏土矿物等分析。结果表明该孔地层中存在两个明显的海相层和其间的两个陆相层,顶部的海相层为全新世高海平面以来形成的被现代潮流作用改造的现代沉积和残留沉积混合体;底部陆相层为MIS4期低海平面时期形成的河流沉积;中间的细粒沉积层又可划分为下部形成于MIS3期的以潟湖、潮坪和盐沼交替出现的海相沉积层,以及上部形成于MIS3期末到盛冰期出露水面之前的陆上沟谷充填沉积;台湾海峡南部在MIS3期之后发生了明显的构造沉降过程,但是在末次盛冰期海峡南部仍然出露水面之上形成了沉积间断面。本文研究内容为今后在台湾浅滩西北边缘到福建东南近岸区深入开展沉积学、地层学及古环境演化研究提供了新的参考。  相似文献   

Geochemistry of Sediments from the Lopare Basin (Bosnia and Herzegovina): Implications for Paleoclimate, Paleosalinity, Paleoredox and Provenance     

Aleksandra ?AJNOVI?  Nenad GRBA  Franz NEUBAUER  Milica KA?ANIN-GRUBIN  Ksenija STOJANOVI?  Nenad PETKOVI?  Branimir JOVAN?I?EVI? 《《地质学报》英文版》2020,94(5):1591-1618

A combined inorganic and organic geochemical study was carried out on marls and mudstones collected from the Lower Miocene Lopare Basin, Bosnia and Herzegovina. A total of 46 samples collected from two boreholes, Pot 1 (depth of 193 m) and Pot 3 (depth of 344 m), showed that element abundances like boron (B), lithium (Li), strontium (Sr), uranium (U), chromium (Cr), nickel (Ni), magnesium (Mg), sodium (Na) and calcium (Ca) are much higher than average than in the upper continental crust (UCC). Chemical composition indicates at least two sources: (i) Mesozoic ophiolites occurring in the north of the investigated area, and (ii) dacito-andesitic pyroclastics (Mesozoic to Cenozoic). Lopare Basin sedimentation was influenced by strong evaporation resulting in a partly hypersaline lake, which formed during a warm climatic period, probably during the Miocene Climatic Optimum. A brief episode of humid climate conditions resulted in the basin filling-up and deposition of felsic sediments enriched in thorium (Th). Organic geochemistry shows that the majority of studied sediments contains predominantly immature to marginally mature algal organic matter (OM). The biomarker patterns are generally in agreement with the geological history of the Lopare Basin and inorganic and mineralogical data. Conversely, the molecular distribution of n-alkanes as reliable climatic and δ-MTTC as paleosalinity indicators do not support this conclusion.  相似文献   

秦岭凤州黄土研究     

雷祥义 《陕西地质》1998,(2)

凤州黄土剖面是秦岭具代表性的黄土剖面．磁性地层研究结果表明,秦岭黄土是在2．48Ma前开始堆积的。凤州黄土剖面的地层结构、物质成分及磁化率曲线反映出秦岭近2．5Ma来的古气候变化至少发生过33次冷干──湿热旋回,这种变化与深海氧同位素曲线完全可以对比．  相似文献   

Paleoenvironmental change in tropical Africa during the Holocene based on a record from Lake Kifuruka,western Uganda     

《第四纪科学杂志》2017,32(8):1099-1111

  相似文献   

水化学和钙华碳氧稳定同位素在古环境重建中的应用--以贵州荔波小七孔景区响水河为例   总被引：8，自引：2，他引：6  

刘再华  戴亚南  林玉石 《第四纪研究》2004,24(4):447-454

文章报道了响水河河水的现场监测结果,得到响水河河水的Ca²+和HCO^-₃非常低,这明显与河床中大规模钙华的存在和景区内发育的茂密植被不匹配;并仔细观察发现,钙华表面有被侵蚀的痕迹,如溶蚀槽和溶蚀坑等,这说明目前所见钙华可能是过去环境条件下的产物。根据钙华碳氧稳定同位素组成特征的分析得出:近4000年来,该地区总的气候环境变化趋势是4000～3400aB.P.为相对温暖湿润期,植被生长好,为良性生态期;3400～2000aB.P.前期仍比较温暖但干燥,后期到2000aB.P.左右变得比较凉爽,从这一冷期到大致900aB.P.前后,气候有些波动,但幅度较小,夹有冷暖干湿的交替;而900aB.P.至今,钙华碳氧稳定同位素值的急剧增加,反映出气候的冷干和源区人类活动加剧造成的水土流失增加,岩溶石漠化加重,生态朝恶化方向发展  相似文献